The author intends to resume the main works on St. Paul in recent philosophical schools in order to discover the trends at work in the current thinking: the need to reinvent the figure of “the militant” after the failing attempts to achieve politically the Communist utopia and the impetus that encourages the reflection of the Philosophy of History. Browsing the texts of S. Breton, J. Taubes, A Badiou, S. Žižek and G. Agamben, the author tries to make a breach of the controversy of secularization, problematizing from the dialogue between K. Löwith and G. Agamben, the Western representatives of our times.