This chapter summarises some of the key ideas that have emerged in this volume, and seeks to do so by looking forward to future research. What kinds of research might follow on from the work in this book and elsewhere in the published literature? What themes are starting to emerge? The chapter initially reflects on the three sections that were selected for this volume and then suggests a number of other cross-cutting themes that span multiple disciplines and that will continue to develop as political geology moves forwards. These relate to geopolitics, the Anthropocene, histories and cartographies, technologies and the physical sciences more explicitly. Ultimately, the chapter aims to provoke debate and discussion about ways in which political geological studies can develop and influence policy, politics and philosophy.