Theologian, pastor, assassin, and martyr, Dietrich Bonhoeffer is one of the most studied, celebrated, and divisive theological voices of the twentieth century. Both liberal and conservative Christians today claim him as one of their own, but this chapter introduces Bonhoeffer as a distinctively radical theologian. Not only was Bonhoeffer influential on the civil rights movement in the United States, but a direct line exists between his later, more radical writing and the death of God theology.